Initializes soil parameters and state variables for its use in simulations.
soil(SoilParams, VG_PTF = "Toth", W = as.numeric(c(1)), SWE = 0)
# S3 method for soil
print(x, model = "SX", ...)
A data frame of soil parameters (see an example in defaultSoilParams
).
Pedotransfer functions to obtain parameters for the van Genuchten-Mualem equations. Either "Carsel"
(Carsel and Parrish 1988) or "Toth"
(Toth et al. 2015).
A numerical vector with the initial relative water content of each soil layer.
Initial snow water equivalent of the snow pack on the soil surface (mm).
An object of class soil
.
Either 'SX' or 'VG' for Saxton or Van Genuchten pedotransfer models.
Additional parameters to print
.
Function soil
returns a list of class soil
with the following elements:
W
: State variable with relative water content of each layer (in as proportion relative to FC).
SWE
: Initial snow water equivalent of the snow pack on the soil surface (mm).
Temp
: State variable with temperature (in ºC) of each layer.
Gsoil
: Gamma parameter for bare soil evaporation (see hydrology_soilEvaporationAmount
).
dVec
: Width of soil layers (in mm).
sand
: Sand percentage for each layer (in percent volume).
clay
: Clay percentage for each layer (in percent volume).
om
: Organic matter percentage for each layer (in percent volume).
VG_alpha
, VG_n
, VG_theta_res
, VG_theta_sat
: Parameters for van Genuchten's pedotransfer functions, for each layer, corresponding to the USDA texture type.
Ksat
: Saturated soil conductivity for each layer (estimated using function soil_saturatedConductivitySX
.
macro
: Macroporosity for each layer (estimated using Stolf et al. 2011).
rfc
: Percentage of rock fragment content for each layer.
Function print
prompts a description of soil characteristics and state variables (water content and temperature)
according to a water retention curve (either Saxton's or Van Genuchten's).
Volume at field capacity is calculated assuming a soil water potential equal to -0.033 MPa.
Parameter Temp
is initialized as missing for all soil layers.
If available, the user can specify columns VG_alpha
, VG_n
, VG_theta_res
, VG_theta_sat
and K_sat
,
to override Van Genuchten parameters an saturated conductivity estimated from pedotransfer functions when calling function soil
.
Carsel, R.F., and Parrish, R.S. 1988. Developing joint probability distributions of soil water retention characteristics. Water Resources Research 24: 755–769.
Tóth, B., Weynants, M., Nemes, A., Makó, A., Bilas, G., and Tóth, G. 2015. New generation of hydraulic pedotransfer functions for Europe. European Journal of Soil Science 66: 226–238.
Stolf, R., Thurler, A., Oliveira, O., Bacchi, S., Reichardt, K., 2011. Method to estimate soil macroporosity and microporosity based on sand content and bulk density. Rev. Bras. Ciencias do Solo 35, 447–459.
# Default parameters
df_soil <- defaultSoilParams()
# Initializes soil
s = soil(df_soil)
# Prints soil characteristics according to Saxton's water retention curve
print(s, model="SX")
#> Soil depth (mm): 4000
#>
#> Layer 1 [ 0 to 300 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 25 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 14 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 49 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 32 Vol. FC (mm): 68 Vol. SAT (mm): 111 Vol. current (mm): 68
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 2 [ 300 to 1000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 45 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 14 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 49 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 55 Vol. FC (mm): 117 Vol. SAT (mm): 190 Vol. current (mm): 117
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 3 [ 1000 to 2000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 75 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 14 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 49 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 36 Vol. FC (mm): 76 Vol. SAT (mm): 123 Vol. current (mm): 76
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 4 [ 2000 to 4000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 95 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 14 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 49 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 14 Vol. FC (mm): 30 Vol. SAT (mm): 49 Vol. current (mm): 30
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Total soil saturated capacity (mm): 473
#> Total soil water holding capacity (mm): 291
#> Total soil extractable water (mm): 183
#> Total soil current Volume (mm): 291
#>
#> Snow pack water equivalent (mm): 0
#> Saturated water depth (mm): NA
#>
# Prints soil characteristics according to Van Genuchten's water retention curve
print(s, model="VG")
#> Soil depth (mm): 4000
#>
#> Layer 1 [ 0 to 300 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 25 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 13 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 42 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 29 Vol. FC (mm): 68 Vol. SAT (mm): 95 Vol. current (mm): 68
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 2 [ 300 to 1000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 45 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 13 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 42 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 49 Vol. FC (mm): 117 Vol. SAT (mm): 163 Vol. current (mm): 117
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 3 [ 1000 to 2000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 75 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 13 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 42 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 32 Vol. FC (mm): 76 Vol. SAT (mm): 106 Vol. current (mm): 76
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 4 [ 2000 to 4000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 95 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 13 Theta FC (%): 30 Theta SAT (%): 42 Theta current (%) 30
#> Vol. WP (mm): 13 Vol. FC (mm): 30 Vol. SAT (mm): 42 Vol. current (mm): 30
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Total soil saturated capacity (mm): 407
#> Total soil water holding capacity (mm): 291
#> Total soil extractable water (mm): 194
#> Total soil current Volume (mm): 291
#>
#> Snow pack water equivalent (mm): 0
#> Saturated water depth (mm): NA
#>
# Add columns 'VG_theta_sat' and 'VG_theta_res' with custom values
df_soil$VG_theta_sat <- 0.400
df_soil$VG_theta_res <- 0.040
# Reinitialize soil (should override estimations)
s2 = soil(df_soil)
print(s2, model="VG")
#> Soil depth (mm): 4000
#>
#> Layer 1 [ 0 to 300 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 25 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 12 Theta FC (%): 29 Theta SAT (%): 40 Theta current (%) 29
#> Vol. WP (mm): 27 Vol. FC (mm): 64 Vol. SAT (mm): 90 Vol. current (mm): 64
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 2 [ 300 to 1000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 45 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 12 Theta FC (%): 29 Theta SAT (%): 40 Theta current (%) 29
#> Vol. WP (mm): 47 Vol. FC (mm): 110 Vol. SAT (mm): 154 Vol. current (mm): 110
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 3 [ 1000 to 2000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 75 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 12 Theta FC (%): 29 Theta SAT (%): 40 Theta current (%) 29
#> Vol. WP (mm): 30 Vol. FC (mm): 72 Vol. SAT (mm): 100 Vol. current (mm): 72
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Layer 4 [ 2000 to 4000 mm ]
#> clay (%): 25 silt (%): 50 sand (%): 25 organic matter (%): NA [ Silt loam ]
#> Rock fragment content (%): 95 Macroporosity (%): 5
#> Theta WP (%): 12 Theta FC (%): 29 Theta SAT (%): 40 Theta current (%) 29
#> Vol. WP (mm): 12 Vol. FC (mm): 29 Vol. SAT (mm): 40 Vol. current (mm): 29
#> Temperature (Celsius): NA
#>
#> Total soil saturated capacity (mm): 384
#> Total soil water holding capacity (mm): 275
#> Total soil extractable water (mm): 182
#> Total soil current Volume (mm): 275
#>
#> Snow pack water equivalent (mm): 0
#> Saturated water depth (mm): NA
#>